Every high-converting cold email follows a structure. Not a template—a framework.

Templates feel robotic. Frameworks give you a skeleton to build on, allowing personalization while maintaining persuasive flow.

Here are three proven frameworks that consistently outperform unstructured emails.

Framework 1: PAS (Problem-Agitate-Solution)

Best for: Prospects who are problem-aware but haven't acted yet.

The Structure

Problem: Identify a specific pain point your prospect faces.

Agitate: Amplify the consequences of not solving it.

Solution: Position your offering as the answer.

Example

"Hi Sarah,

Most sales teams spend 3-4 hours daily researching prospects manually. (Problem)

That's 15+ hours per rep, per week—time that could be spent actually selling. Over a quarter, that's nearly 200 hours of lost selling time per person. (Agitate)

We automate prospect research with AI, cutting that time to 30 minutes while delivering better personalization. (Solution)

Worth a quick chat to see if it fits?

Sarah"

Why It Works

PAS leverages loss aversion—the psychological principle that people feel losses more intensely than equivalent gains. By agitating the problem, you create emotional urgency.

When to Use PAS

• Prospects who know they have a problem but are procrastinating

• Competitive markets where urgency matters

• B2B sales cycles where pain points are well-defined

Framework 2: AIDA (Attention-Interest-Desire-Action)

Best for: Prospects who may not realize they have a problem.

The Structure

Attention: Hook them with something unexpected or relevant.

Interest: Build curiosity with a compelling insight.

Desire: Show what's possible (benefits, results, transformation).

Action: Clear, low-friction CTA.

Example

"Hi Marcus,

Your competitor just booked 40 meetings in 30 days using AI-powered outreach. (Attention)

They're not working harder—they're using technology to personalize at scale without sacrificing quality. (Interest)

Imagine your team booking 35% more meetings while cutting prospecting time in half. (Desire)

Open to a 15-minute call to see how? (Action)

Sarah"

Why It Works

AIDA follows the natural decision-making process. It meets prospects where they are (unaware) and guides them through awareness, consideration, and action.

When to Use AIDA

• Cold outreach to unaware prospects

• New markets or innovative products

• When you need to create demand, not just capture it

Framework 3: BAB (Before-After-Bridge)

Best for: Prospects who respond to transformation stories.

The Structure

Before: Paint a picture of their current state (the struggle).

After: Paint a picture of the desired state (the transformation).

Bridge: Show how to get from Before to After (your solution).

Example

"Hi David,

Right now, your SDRs are probably spending hours on LinkedIn and company websites, trying to find relevant talking points for each prospect. (Before)

Imagine if they could walk into every call with personalized insights—recent company news, tech stack, hiring signals—without the manual research. (After)

That's exactly what our AI does. It analyzes prospects automatically and surfaces the insights that matter. (Bridge)

Want to see how it works?

Sarah"

Why It Works

BAB creates contrast. The gap between "before" and "after" creates desire. The bridge provides a clear path forward.

When to Use BAB

• Selling transformation or outcomes

• Prospects who are vision-driven (founders, executives)

• When your product enables a significant shift in how they work

Choosing the Right Framework

Use PAS when the prospect knows their pain and needs urgency to act.

Use AIDA when the prospect may not realize they have a problem.

Use BAB when selling transformation and aspirational outcomes.

Mixing Frameworks

These frameworks aren't mutually exclusive. You can combine elements:

• PAS + Social Proof: Add a case study after the solution

• AIDA + Urgency: Add a time-sensitive element to the action

• BAB + Data: Quantify the before/after transformation

Common Mistakes

1. Skipping the Hook

Don't dive into your pitch. Earn attention first with personalization or a compelling observation.

2. Weak Agitation

In PAS, the agitate section creates urgency. If it's too mild, there's no motivation to act.

3. Multiple CTAs

One email, one ask. Multiple options create decision paralysis.

4. Features Over Benefits

Don't list what your product does. Show what it enables for them.

Framework Templates

PAS Template

"Hi [Name], [Problem statement]. [Agitate: consequence/cost of problem]. [Solution: how you solve it]. [CTA]?"

AIDA Template

"Hi [Name], [Attention-grabbing hook]. [Interest: compelling insight]. [Desire: benefit/outcome]. [Action: specific CTA]?"

BAB Template

"Hi [Name], Right now, [Before: current struggle]. Imagine [After: desired state]. [Bridge: your solution]. [CTA]?"

Conclusion

Frameworks aren't formulas—they're thinking tools. They ensure your emails have logical flow, emotional resonance, and clear direction.

Start with one framework. Master it. Then experiment with the others.

The best cold emails feel natural because they follow invisible structures. Now you know the structures. Use them.

Sources: Close.io PAS framework guide, Freshworks cold email research, LeadMine AIDA breakdown, Mailshake copywriting guide